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'\" te .\" Copyright (c) 1989, AT&T. All rights reserved. .\" Copyright (c) 1990, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. .TH icmp 4P "27 Nov 2017" "Oracle Solaris 11.4" "Network Protocols" .SH NAME icmp, ICMP \- Internet Control Message Protocol .SH SYNOPSIS .LP .nf #include <sys/socket.h> #include <netinet/in.h> #include <netinet/ip_icmp.h> s = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_RAW, proto); t = t_open("/dev/icmp", O_RDWR); .fi .SH DESCRIPTION .sp .LP \fBICMP\fR is the error and control message protocol used by the Internet protocol family. It is used by the kernel to handle and report errors in protocol processing. It may also be accessed by programs using the socket interface or the Transport Level Interface (\fBTLI\fR) for network monitoring and diagnostic functions. When used with the socket interface, a "raw socket" type is used. The protocol number for \fBICMP,\fR used in the \fIproto\fR parameter to the socket call, can be obtained from \fBgetprotobyname\fR(3C). \fBICMP\fR file descriptors and sockets are connectionless, and are normally used with the \fBt_sndudata\fR / \fBt_rcvudata\fR and the \fBsendto()\fR / \fBrecvfrom()\fR calls. .sp .LP Outgoing packets automatically have an Internet Protocol (\fBIP\fR) header prepended to them. Incoming packets are provided to the user with the \fBIP\fR header and options intact. .sp .LP \fBICMP\fR is an datagram protocol layered above \fBIP.\fR It is used internally by the protocol code for various purposes including routing, fault isolation, and congestion control. Receipt of an \fBICMP\fR "redirect" message will add a new entry in the routing table, or modify an existing one. \fBICMP\fR messages are routinely sent by the protocol code. Received \fBICMP\fR messages may be reflected back to users of higher-level protocols such as \fBTCP\fR or \fBUDP\fR as error returns from system calls. A copy of all \fBICMP\fR message received by the system is provided to every holder of an open \fBICMP\fR socket or \fBTLI\fR descriptor. .SH SEE ALSO .sp .LP \fBgetprotobyname\fR(3C), \fBrecv\fR(3C), \fBsend\fR(3C), \fBt_rcvudata\fR(3C), \fBt_sndudata\fR(3C), \fBinet\fR(4P), \fBip\fR(4P), \fBrouting\fR(4P), \fBipadm\fR(8) .sp .LP Postel, Jon, \fIInternet Control Message Protocol \(em DARPA Internet Program Protocol Specification\fR, \fBRFC\fR 792, Network Information Center, \fBSRI\fR International, Menlo Park, Calif., September 1981. .SH DIAGNOSTICS .sp .LP A socket operation may fail with one of the following errors returned: .sp .ne 2 .mk .na \fB\fBEISCONN\fR\fR .ad .RS 17n .rt An attempt was made to establish a connection on a socket which already has one, or when trying to send a datagram with the destination address specified and the socket is already connected. .RE .sp .ne 2 .mk .na \fB\fBENOTCONN\fR\fR .ad .RS 17n .rt An attempt was made to send a datagram, but no destination address is specified, and the socket has not been connected. .RE .sp .ne 2 .mk .na \fB\fBENOBUFS\fR\fR .ad .RS 17n .rt The system ran out of memory for an internal data structure. .RE .sp .ne 2 .mk .na \fB\fBEADDRNOTAVAIL\fR\fR .ad .RS 17n .rt An attempt was made to create a socket with a network address for which no network interface exists. .RE .SH NOTES .sp .LP Replies to \fBICMP\fR "echo" messages which are source routed are not sent back using inverted source routes, but rather go back through the normal routing mechanisms.